4 CausalInference 作业(2).docx


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2025-03-20
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Causal inference
Consider the following causal model containing random variables {like to read, read to,
books, tests}, with dom (tests) = {high, low}, dom (books) = {many, few}, and all other
variables having domain {true, false}.
Parents who like to read are more likely to read to their children. Parents who like to
read are also more likely to have lots of books in their house. Both being read to and
having lots of books in the house have a causal influence on a child’s performance on reading
tests.
(a) Draw a directed graph representing the causal model.
(b) List all of the back-door paths between having books in the house and
performance on reading tests. (i.e., X=books and Y =tests).
(c) Suppose that only the variables {books, tests} are observable. Is the causal
effect of books on tests identifiable? Justify your answer.


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