Introduction to Quantum Computing Lecture 1 OUTLINE Why Quantum Computing? What is Quantum Computing? History Quantum Weirdness Quantum Properties Quantum Computation Why Quantum Computing? Transistor Density Transistor Size Why Quantum Computing? By 2020 we will hit natural limits on the size of transistors Max out on the number of transistors per chip Reach the minimum size for transistors Reach the limit of speed for devices Eventually, all computing will be done using some sort of alternative structure DNA Cellular Automaton Quantum What is Quantum Computing? Introduction The common characteristic of any digital computer is that it stores bits Bits represent the state of some physical system Electronic computers use voltage levels to represent bits Quantum systems possess properties that allow the encoding of bits as physical states Direction of spin of an electron The direction of polarization of a photon The energy level of an excited atom Spin States An electron is a
