Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China Linear-optical Quantum Computing Outline Why Linear-optical quantum computing? What is quantum computation? Photonic qubits Why linear-optical quantum computing? (advantages and disadvantages) Manipulating photonic qubits with linear optics Linear optical logic gates A theoretical idea Experimental realization Cluster states vs one-way quantum computing Linear-optical one-way quantum computing single photons + linear optics + measurements An interface of photons and atomic ensembles: Quantum memory for polarization qubits Summary and outlook Why linear-optical quantum computing? A quantum computation can be considered as a physical process that transforms an input quantum state into an output state and as such, it respects quantum laws. The "information flow" in quantum computing process is carried by qubits which are
