基于组件构建的应用程序的集成安全系统
“Building secure Clojure web applications needs to be easier, and
requires integrated security frameworks - not standalone libraries!” –
John P. Hackworth, Clojure web security is worse than you think
An integrated security system for Clojure applications based on a set of
components written to the specifications of Stuart Sierra’s
component.
Bolt has an ambitious goal: to separate all security-related concerns
from Clojure-based applications so that they can be implemented as
pluggable components.
The precise meanings of the terms component, system-map and system are
those in component. In
summary, a component is a map of data, usually implemented as a record
with associated protocols specifying functions for start/stop and
others. A system is a set of these components, with the inclusion of
declared dependency references into each component.
In addition, bolt uses the following terms :-
Bolt provides an integrated system of components, rather than requiring developers
to roll their own from smaller libraries.
Functionality can be customised by interchanging components, providing
necessary flexibility for bespoke Clojure applications.
Nevertheless, ‘out-of-the-box’ defaults should provide good security, on
par with other languages and frameworks. That is what is currently
missing in the Clojure landscape and the gap that bolt aims to fill.
The key difference between bolt and Friend is that bolt is designed
for use with Component
based applications.
Bolt is designed specifically for modular applications, where
functionality can be added through the addition of extra components.
Stuart Sierra’s component library provides a balanced, elegant and
“essential” foundation for bringing all these parts together into a
single system, so it’s a natural fit for this problem. It is also
straight-forward to decompose (and therefore reason about) the system
(by understanding the role that each component plays). This is an
important property of any security system - if the design is difficult
to comprehend but ‘just works’ or works ‘like magic’ then it limits the
number of people who can understand it and point out potential
weaknesses.
To provide flexibility, bolt fully embraces and consistently adopts
protocol polymorphism within Clojure, enabled by Stuart’s
approach. This will not to everyone’s taste. Alternatives, such as the
use of dynamic vars, are wholly avoided. Functional programming is a
beautiful thing in the small, but presents practical challenges at
scale. Polymorphism is one of the cornerstones of object orientation
worth stealing.
Ultimately, whether bolt is right for you will depend on how you build
your Clojure web applications. For smaller applications with a single
set of Compojure routes, Friend is a better choice.
For larger applications, especially those with multiple modules and
using Liberator or
yada to provide a fuller REST API, bolt
should be a good fit.
Bolt was formerly named Cylon.
Bolt is not suitable for production systems until it reaches
version 1.0, which will indicate that bolt has been deployed into
production elsewhere and has undergone thorough peer review.
Join our Google group bolt-discuss@googlegroups.com for discussion
about how to improve bolt.
https://hackworth.be/2014/03/26/clojure-web-security-is-worse-than-you-think/
https://github.com/dhruvchandna/ring-secure-headers
https://github.com/weavejester/ring-anti-forgery
Aaron Bedra’s seminal ClojureWest talk in 2014 –
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CBL59w7fXw4 - this was the inspiration
behind bolt.
Mastodon C for sponsoring the development
on bolt, and using it in their kixi projects
kixi.hecuba and
kixi.stentor
Also, to Neale Swinnerton @sw1nn for the
original work in adopting Stuart’s component library and showing how to
migrate Jig components to it.
Yodit Stanton and the rest of the
opensensors.io team for putting up with the
original Cylon updates (Cylon being the former name of bolt) and being
the first adopters of the OAuth2 features.
Juan Antonio Ruz for designing and
developing the TOTP two-factor authentication support. Additionally Juan
conducted the background research and co-authored the OAuth2 support,
and many other aspects of the project. Also for providing a public
example of how to use bolt.
Martin Trojer and others from
JUXT for a continual stream of
thought-provoking ideas and good advice.
Andrey Antukh for suggestions about
integration with Buddy.
The MIT License (MIT)
Copyright © 2014 JUXT LTD.
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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